7 July, 2024 (Updated from 16 December 2023, below)
‘Labor’s Broken Promises on the Demolition of the Powerhouse Museum’
Commenting on the continuing outcomes of ‘the misnamed Powerhouse Ultimo Revitalisation project’, amongst extensive examples, museum expert Kylie Winkworth writes:
‘The Powerhouse Museum is not saved. Labor’s plans for the ‘Powerhouse Ultimo Revitalisation’ are a sham to hide the large-scale demolition of the Sulman award winning Powerhouse Museum that the Minns government promised to save. The project is wasteful, destructive and devoid of any credible museum rationale or cultural purpose.
Not waiting for development approval, the management are now ripping out the last of the PHM’s renowned transport and steam exhibitions, carting away the treasures of NSW under cover of darkness. These exhibitions are the focus of many objections to the current EIS, and nearly a decade of community protests to stop previous schemes to move, sell, empty, shrink, develop and repurpose the Powerhouse Museum. Labor’s plans will de-industrialise the museum that was purpose designed to exhibit its internationally significant transport and power collections in the resonant spaces of the former power station. Creative industries, fashion and contemporary events will replace the PHM’s connected histories of power, transport, technology, industry, innovation and design. Labor’s big promise is that (only) three large objects will be returned to the former museum, marooned as party props in empty spaces and corridors.
The government’s promised heritage revitalisation for the Powerhouse Museum is broken. Labor’s plans will see the PHM gutted, emptied of its collections and demolished to the bare brick walls, erasing all trace of the 1988 museum. There is no attempt to repair, restore, conserve or renew any part of the actual Powerhouse Museum or its exhibitions. Instead of the government’s promised $250m heritage revitalisation, NSW taxpayers will be slugged more than $400 million for a large-scale demolition project that destroys the PHM’s heritage, design conception, exhibition capacity, education potential, museum assets, access to collections, and its appeal to schools and families.
The PHM’s exhibition space shrinks by 75%; from 25 flexible exhibition spaces to just three large empty spaces for unspecified ‘contemporary’ uses. ‘Decluttering’ the museum’s spaces is code for collection eviction and the demolition of all the mezzanine exhibition galleries over five levels. If approved, the plans will destroy the PHM’s interiors and 22 flexible exhibition spaces for applied arts, design, history, science, technology, transport, space, interactives and exhibitions for kids and families. Read more here: Winkworth Labor’s Broken Promises on the PHM July 7 2024
16 December 2023
‘Labor’s Ten Broken Promises on the Powerhouse Museum, and More’
With well-resourced reference to nearly 40 news and media reports about Labor’s ‘Saving’ the Powerhouse Museum, Kylie Winkworth, museum expert and advocate in the Powerhouse Museum Alliance, identifies over ten broken promises made by Labor’s arts minister John Graham associated with the 2023 election. She summarised: ‘The Minns government is effectively defunding the Powerhouse Museum, a Labor cultural monument they promised to save and keep open.’
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Labor’s Ten Broken Promises on the Powerhouse Museum, and More
1. We promised at the election that we would …… keep the Powerhouse Museum open; Arts Minister John Graham.[1]
Broken promise; the Powerhouse Museum is closing on 5 February 2024.[2] Labor is shutting the PHM to hide the wreckage of a great public museum that they promised to keep open and save only three months ago. Closing the PHM will deliver the LNP’s plan for the collection eviction, defunding, downsizing and asset stripping of the PHM. There is no credible reason for closing the Powerhouse Museum in the absence of any actual plans for the ‘heritage revitalisation’[3] A genuine program of heritage conservation and exhibition renewal could be done in stages, keeping one of Sydney’s major cultural tourism attractions open. The decision ignores the tourism and economic impacts of shutting the PHM for years when Haymarket and Chinatown are struggling to bring tourists and families back to the precinct. The only reason Labor is closing the PHM is to disguise the management’s failures and incompetence, and to siphon resources to the Parramatta project which is years behind schedule and over budget.[4]
2 .The Minns Labor Government is committing $250 million for the Powerhouse Museum Ultimo.[5]
Broken promise; the government has committed only $119m for the Powerhouse Museum over four years to 2026-27, not $250m.[6] Where is the missing $131 million coming from when it’s not in the budget? Probably selling the Harwood building to UTS, or other asset sales of museum property.
3. The Powerhouse Museum will be closed for up to three years.[7]
Broken promise; the budget papers show completion of the ‘Ultimo Powerhouse Museum’ in ten years’ time in 2033.[8] Arts Minister John Graham said the building and conservation works are expected to take three years… the museum may not reopen until 2027.[9] This is not credible. The building works are less than half funded in the next four years, see above. There is no museum plan and no plan for renewal of the exhibitions – if that is even intended. Labor is rushing to close the PHM for what might be ten years on the basis of a single media release and a few concept images, while everyone is on holidays, and before any plans are lodged or approved, let alone consultation. This is a deeply cynical action. Once the plans are on exhibition objections will be futile because the museum will already be closed and its collections and major exhibitions removed, once and for all.
4. We promised at the election that we would ….preserve the Wran legacy.[10]
A broken promise; the Wran legacy is embodied in the whole Powerhouse Museum, not just the fabric of the Wran building. Every aspect of the legacy of the Wran government will be undone when the PHM closes: its unique purpose, staffing, budget, facilities, functions, design, exhibition installations and ways of working with collections. The museum’s iconic power, transport and engineering collections, which are central to the meaning and identity of the Powerhouse Museum, will be evicted from their purposed designed exhibition galleries. When the building works are finished only three large objects will be returned. The museum’s co-located collection and workshop facilities in the Harwood building, the former tram depot, are being decommissioned and turned over to use by artists, creatives, businesses and industry development bodies. Ultimately it will be a development opportunity. This will forever degrade the visionary legacy of the Wran government, and the capacity and functionality of the PHM. Labor is pushing ahead with LNP’s asset stripping scheme to defund and downsize a Sulman award winning museum endowed with state-of- the-art collection and education facilities, 20,000m2 of dedicated exhibition galleries, 17,377m2 of purpose designed collection, conservation, research and workshops the Harwood building, and a total floor area of 42,594m2.[11] No wonder the property opportunists and museum-wreckers think this endowment is wasted on the ordinary punters interested in the museum’s exhibitions of transport, engineering, industry and everyday life. The Wran building, one of the world’s great museum atriums, will be repurposed and hidden behind a mediocre brick façade as if it is an embarrassing memory of its former glory. Retaining the shell of the Wran building while every other facet of the Wran government’s vision and endowment of the Powerhouse Museum is undone is not preserving the Wran legacy or the Powerhouse Museum.
5. A NSW Labor government will release key details of the plans for the Ultimo and Parramatta sites that until now have been kept secret.[12]
Broken promises: Labor has not released any information about the plans for Parramatta or Ultimo. Not one page. There are no design briefs, no business cases, no exhibition plans. There is no master plan for the PHM site, no credible conservation plan, no exhibition renewal plan, and no museum plan for either site. The only plan is to defund and close the museum and remove all the collections and staff from the PHM. In April 2023 the Minister said I have asked for advice as to what documents can be released publicly,…I have said all along that we will be transparent with regards to the Powerhouse Ultimo Renewal.[13] Another broken promise. Instead of the promised transparency Labor has maintained the LNP’s iron curtain of secrecy. The plans for the future of a 143 year old museum, endowed by generations of taxpayers and donors are being hidden from the public. This secrecy is outrageous and unprecedented in museum development projects anywhere in Australia or the civilised world.
6. We want a museum … which builds on its traditional focus on science, engineering, transport, the technical arts and education.[14]
Broken promises; there is no plan for the PHM as a museum focussed on science, engineering, transport and technical arts, any more than there will be a STEM museum at Parramatta. Labor is delivering the LPN’s scheme to downsize and redevelop the former PHM as a creative industries, arts and entertainment centre with some occasional exhibitions. The PHM is being dismantled and stripped of its collections, skilled staff and education purpose. When the museum closes creatives and businesses will occupy the museum’s spaces and facilities that were once dedicated to conservation, collection care, exhibitions, education, interactives and research. The PHM’s exhibition spaces will be emptied of their defining collections to facilitate venue hire and revenue generation – sweating every single asset as the MAAS CEO puts it. The transport and engineering collections, which are central to the history, design and meaning of the PHM site, are being evicted from their purpose designed exhibition galleries and sent to an inaccessible store at Castle Hill, or farmed out to volunteer museums. They will never return to the PHM.[15] The steam engines operating on live steam will be gone. The Transport Flight and Space gallery, a place of wonder and memory for so many children, will be emptied so the boiler hall can be monetised for venue hire. Without consultation the museum’s mission has been refocussed from technical arts and trades to creatives industries. In the five years of the CEO’s tenure education participation has crashed by more than 50% since the museum prioritised focussing on artists instead of audiences and schools.[16]
7. We want a museum of the highest excellence at the Ultimo site which has a clear and distinct identity.[17]
Broken promises: There is no plan for museum excellence on the ‘Ultimo site’, or even a museum. The only plan is to defund the PHM and remove the staff and collections to Castle Hill or more distant places. The Powerhouse Museum has already lost its name and distinct identity. It’s Powerhouse Ultimo now. After a $1.5m branding exercise the museum word has disappeared. [18] When the former PHM is emptied the site will be downsized and redeveloped as an entertainment and creative industries precinct with some occasional exhibitions, a clone of the same concept as the Parramatta Powerhouse, aka Carriageworks West. The Powerhouse brand and identity is being moved to Parramatta, along with its museum’s budget, but not the actual museum functions. What’s left of the former museum will be disappeared to Castle Hill.
8. Labor is committing $250m for a heritage revitalisation of the Powerhouse Museum. And we will ensure that a world-class museum is delivered in line with the legitimate heritage and planning expectations of the local community and state. [19]
Broken promises; Labor has left the Powerhouse Museum, its heritage buildings and collections without heritage protection. The heritage revitalisation is an empty slogan. Only the brick shell of the former Ultimo power station has state heritage listing, not the actual museum. Labor has put the ‘heritage revitalisation’ or ‘heritage overhaul’ back in the hands of the same team that saw no heritage value in the Powerhouse Museum, and whose approved concept design erased all trace of the PHM’s 1988 heritage adaptation.[20] No one working on the concept SSD, or the announced ‘heritage revitalisation’ has bothered to consult the architect of the Powerhouse Museum, Lionel Glendenning, a breach of his moral rights and conservation principles and practice. The Minns Labor government rejected the PMA’s request that Alan Croker complete his Conservation Management Plan as a guide to the heritage revitalisation.[21] His draft CMP was axed after he advised the whole PHM site should be state heritage listed.[22] In October 2023 MAAS and Infrastructure NSW went to the NSW Heritage Council to argue against state heritage listing of the Powerhouse Museum.[23] They were treated as if they are the private owners of the museum. On 4 December 2023 the Arts Minister fronted the media with some concept pictures revisiting what is essentially the same scheme approved in the Ultimo Renewal SSD EIS.[24] Lost in another desperate makeover plan is the precautionary principle that underpins all heritage conservation: do as little as possible and as much as necessary.[25] After demolishing Willow Grove to make way for the bloated edifice at Parramatta, the CEO of MAAS has promised the Powerhouse won’t be a museum that bows down on its knees to the monuments of the twentieth century. Her vision for the PHM is to ignore the weight of language, history and architecture. This is not consistent with any credible heritage revitalisation.
9. The PHM will evolve in a way that recognises it as a flagship location…[26]
Broken promise: Labor is delivering the LNP’s scheme to degrade and downsize the PHM’s design, functionality, exhibitions, funding and staffing so that Parramatta is THE ‘flagship’. Closure of the PHM on 5 February 2024 is part of this plan, along with decommissioning the Harwood building as a functional part of the PHM’s operations, removing all the collections and the staff. There is no plan or budget to maintain the PHM as a flagship museum. That is why the Minns Labor government is closing and defunding the Powerhouse Museum after just 35 years as one of Sydney’s major museums and tourist attractions. Access for tourists and audiences from across Sydney and NSW has been ignored. If and when it reopens in ten years’ time all trace of the Powerhouse Museum and the collections loved and enjoyed by generations of visitors will have disappeared.
10. The NSW Government is delivering on its commitment to save the Powerhouse Museum…[27]
A broken promise: the Powerhouse Museum is not saved. Labor’s plan is to finish the job the LNP started. The PHM is closing on 5 February 2024. It will never reopen in any recognisable form as a museum. The MAAS CEO is intent on breaking the institution, not preserving it. This includes removing all the collections from the PHM to downsize and repurpose the former museum as a creative industries, arts and entertainment centre. For the first time since the Museum of Applied Arts and Sciences (MAAS) opened in Ultimo in 1893 there will be no collections, exhibitions or curatorial staff left at the former PHM and no museum. Short of a public outcry this is the end of the Powerhouse Museum.
As the art critic John McDonald has observed…. we stand on the brink of a cultural debacle of mammoth proportions ….inherited from an irresponsible and secretive former government. It is overwhelmingly opposed by the community and by expert opinion. The museum with the largest and most diverse collection in Australia is being taken apart before your eyes, and turned into a contemporary art and fashion hub, with “residencies”. It is a national disgrace and an international embarrassment …[28]
Under Labor the Powerhouse Museum is NOT saved. Furthermore….
11. NSW Labor remains concerned about the focus on events rather than museum spaces…This reflects the [former] Government’s obsession with commercialisation and privatisation.[29]
There has been no change to plans for the commercialisation of the former PHM – sweating every single asset as the MAAS CEO puts it. This is the Carriageworks operating model for Parramatta and the PHM. The secret business case is based on Parramatta and the former PHM generating $38.8 million per annum in revenue by prioritising commercial events and venue hire, subsidised by taxpayers and staffed by public servants.[30] The PHM’s mission as a museum will be secondary to running functions, commercial events, accommodation and late night entertainment. This is why the major transport and engineering collections need to be removed from the PHM. There will be no dedicated exhibition spaces, nor collection facilities left at the PHM. Unlike every other state or national museum, at ‘Powerhouse’ every space is available for commercial hire. The business case is a fantasy. In the five years since the CEO was appointed self-generated revenue at MAAS has fallen by more than 90% from $10.393m in 2018-19 to a mere $1.026 million in 2022-23. By contrast self-generated revenue at the Australia Museum was $19m and at Museums Victoria $43.753m. Nevertheless the fantasy business case is already undermining the PHM’s focus on family audiences, education, caring for the collection and maximising public benefits and audience reach from taxpayers’ investment. This is evident in the recent dismal MAAS annual reports. [31]
12. The Minns government will undertake further consultation[32]….and more consultation is promised for the next State Significant Development Application.[33]
Why bother? The government’s promised consultation is a futile con job. I have never been a supporter of asking people what they want or community consultation says the MAAS CEO.[34] Nothing anyone has said has had any impact on the determination of the leadership of MAAS to ‘break the museum’. The feedback from the previous eight rounds of consultation on the future of PHM was ignored by MAAS, INSW and Create NSW. Despite two governments announcing the PHM was saved in 2020 and 2023 the management never deviated from the LNP’s museum demolition plan laid out in the 2018 business case. This is the CEO’s strategy of not responding until it no longer matters.
13. The way the [former] government has dealt with The Powerhouse Museum over many years has been a disgrace …[35]
True but Labor has done nothing to fix the disgrace. No museum anywhere in the world has faced such a sustained campaign to evict the museum from its centrally located state-of-the art buildings so its budget, staffing and resources can be moved to a less accessible flood prone site while the former museum is turned into a contemporary arts and entertainment centre. Four directors in ten years, falling attendances, and education numbers down by more than 50%, the MAAS annual reports show a museum that has lost its purpose and identity. Labor has no plan to fix this disgrace. Labor’s plan is to close the PHM and finish the job the Liberals started.
14. The Powerhouse Parramatta deserves its own identity and name and to develop in relation with its specific context. [36]
Not delivered: there has been no move to develop a distinctive brand and identity for Parramatta. The project still has no compelling concept or identity. MAAS pushed on with the $1.5 million rebranding to remove the museum word from the PHM.[37] It’s just Powerhouse now; minus the definite article and the museum word. The Parramatta development is not a museum. It is a community arts and entertainment centre, modelled on Carriageworks and more like the Casula Powerhouse that the actual Powerhouse Museum. When it opens the Parramatta Powerhouse should come with product disclosure warning – it’s not the Powerhouse Museum, and it’s not a museum.
Kylie Winkworth
16 December 2023
[1] Media Release 2 September 2023 https://www.nsw.gov.au/departments-and-agencies/enterprise-investment-trade/ministerial-media-releases/powerhouse-museum-ultimo-revitalised
[2] Media Release 4 December 2023 https://www.nsw.gov.au/departments-and-agencies/enterprise-investment-trade/ministerial-media-releases/powerhouse-museum-heritage-overhaul
[3] Ibid. The Government’s media release argues …closure will enable the protection of the collection and the most efficient delivery of the project, having the least impact on the Powerhouse Museum, Ultimo communities and audiences. The temporary closure will ensure the best use of funds, focusing investment into the revitalisation. A staggered closure would amplify the cost of the project, extend the disruption period and lead to a compromised visitor experience over a prolonged period. None of these excuses are true. There are multiple options for keeping the museum open, including reopening the Harwood building’s original exhibition space. There would be less risk to the collections and lower costs if the large transport and engineering objects were protected in situ. The cost of moving No 1 loco was estimated at $500,000 in 2018, and will require parts of the Wran building to be demolished. Far from protecting the collection, the management of MAAS plan to farm out these objects to volunteer museums without climate controls or appropriate security. Closing the museum is Labor’s cover for collection eviction and museum demolition behind closed doors.
[4] https://powerhousemuseumalliance.com/what-the-experts-say/class-a-asset-stripping-of-the-powerhouse-museum-kylie-winkworth/ and https://powerhousemuseumalliance.com/phm-being-destroyed-not-saved-2023-call-to-action/decline-failure-and-irrelevance-now-on-exhibition-at-the-powerhouse-museum/
[5] Media Release 2 September 2023 https://www.nsw.gov.au/departments-and-agencies/enterprise-investment-trade/ministerial-media-releases/powerhouse-museum-ultimo-revitalised See also
[6] NSW Budget Papers, Infrastructure Statement 2023-24, Budget Paper No. 3, chapter 2, p.2-24 https://www.budget.nsw.gov.au/sites/default/files/2023-09/2023-24_01_Budget-Paper-No-3-Infrastructure-Statement_new-infrastructure-program-to-support-essential-services-housing-and-communities.pdf
[7] Linda Morris, SMH 4 December 2023 https://www.smh.com.au/culture/art-and-design/goodbye-powerhouse-museum-revised-shutdown-plans-revealed-20231201-p5eo9i.html
[8] Infrastructure Statement 2023-24, Jobs and Tourism, No. 3, chapter 4, p.4-50 https://www.budget.nsw.gov.au/sites/default/files/2023-09/2023-24_01_Budget-Paper-No-3-Infrastructure-Statement_gg-project-listing.pdf
[9] Media Release 4 December 2023 https://www.nsw.gov.au/departments-and-agencies/enterprise-investment-trade/ministerial-media-releases/powerhouse-museum-heritage-overhaul See also https://www.news.com.au/national/sydney-powerhouse-museum-to-close-for-three-years/news-story/685ed5d14fc72925efc55807ff77edc6
[10] Media Release 4 December 2023 https://www.nsw.gov.au/departments-and-agencies/enterprise-investment-trade/ministerial-media-releases/powerhouse-museum-heritage-overhaul
[11] Crone Architects for Johnstaff, Ultimo Presence Project 2 Options, Sept 2017
Ultimo Presence Project 2 Project Options and Steensen Varming, The Ultimo Presence Project 4 Site Infrastructure assessment 2; attachment F; 8 August 2017 https://powerhousemuseumalliancedotcom.files.wordpress.com/2018/06/ultimo-presence-project-4-site-infrastructure-assessment-2.pdf
[12] Only Labor will save the Powerhouse Museum, Media Release, 22 March 2023 https://powerhousemuseumalliance.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Labor-media-release-22-March-23.pdfIbid
[13] John Graham in the SMH 26 April 2023 https://www.smh.com.au/culture/art-and-design/500-million-powerhouse-project-under-cloud-20230426-p5d3ay.html
[14] Only Labor will save the Powerhouse Museum, Media Release, 22 March 2023 https://powerhousemuseumalliance.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Labor-media-release-22-March-23.pdf
[15] John Graham has guaranteed that all three of the museum’s iconic large objects will be on show at Ultimo when it reopens by 2026. All three! That should read only three. https://www.smh.com.au/culture/art-and-design/goodbye-powerhouse-museum-revised-shutdown-plans-revealed-20231201-p5eo9i.html
[16] In 2018-19 education participation at MAAS was 63,911. The 2022-23 MAAS annual report recorded just 28,258 learners and teachers. https://powerhouse.com.au/the-act#annual-reports At the Australian Museum there were 54,388 learners and teachers during 2022-23. One museum is serious about maximising their education impact, the other is led by a CEO who is intent on not educating people, as outlined in a speech in 2021 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VDkCKQS_o9s
[17] Only Labor will save the Powerhouse Museum, Media Release, 22 March 2023 https://powerhousemuseumalliance.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Labor-media-release-22-March-23.pdf
[18] Linda Morris, Powerhouse drops the m-word. https://www.smh.com.au/culture/art-and-design/what-s-in-a-name-powerhouse-drops-the-m-word-from-its-title-20221118-p5bzd1.html
[19] Ibid.
[20] https://www.planningportal.nsw.gov.au/major-projects/projects/powerhouse-ultimo-renewal
[21] Alan Croker is Australia’s most respected heritage conservation architect whose work has won numerous heritage and design awards, most recently the AIA (National) 2023 Lachlan Macquarie Award for Heritage for the Sydney Opera House Concert Hall renewal with ARM Architecture. https://design5.com.au/index.php/awards-2/
[22] Kelly Burke, The Guardian, 26 April 2023 https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/-/media/OEH/Corporate-Site/Documents/Heritage/Heritage-council-meeting-minutes-and-resolutions/2023/heritage-council-of-NSW-meeting-minutes-2023-0ct-4.pdf?la=en&hash=4E66D47067BDFFB7568BCA257F2CA73000B9AC36
[23] NSW Heritage Council minutes, 4 October 2023, https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/-/media/OEH/Corporate-Site/Documents/Heritage/Heritage-council-meeting-minutes-and-resolutions/2023/heritage-council-of-NSW-meeting-minutes-2023-0ct-4.pdf?la=en&hash=4E66D47067BDFFB7568BCA257F2CA73000B9AC36
[24] Of 91 individual submissions to the concept SSD EIS only two supported the scheme based on a secret design brief hidden from public scrutiny. Powerhouse Ultimo Renewal Assessment Report, February 2023, https://majorprojects.planningportal.nsw.gov.au/prweb/PRRestService/mp/01/getContent?AttachRef=SSD-32927319%2120230222T214405.459%20GMT
[25] The Illustrated Burra Charter, making good decisions about the care of important places, Australia ICOMOS, Peter Marquis-Kyle and Meredith walker, 1992, p.13
[26] Only Labor will save the Powerhouse Museum Media Release 22 March 2023
[27] Media Release 2 September 2023 https://www.nsw.gov.au/departments-and-agencies/enterprise-investment-trade/ministerial-media-releases/powerhouse-museum-ultimo-revitalised
[28] John McDonald newsletter 494 June 2023 https://www.johnmcdonald.net.au/2023/newsletter-494/
[29] Only Labor will save the Powerhouse Museum, Media Release, 22 March 2023 https://powerhousemuseumalliance.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Labor-media-release-22-March-23.pdf
[30] NSW Parliament Budget Estimates transcript, 5 September 2022 p.60
[31] MAAS annual reports, scroll down on this tab https://powerhouse.com.au/the-act#museum-of-applied-arts-and-sciences-act-(1945)
[32] Media Release 2 September 2023 https://www.nsw.gov.au/departments-and-agencies/enterprise-investment-trade/ministerial-media-releases/powerhouse-museum-ultimo-revitalised
[33] Media Release 4 December 2023 https://www.nsw.gov.au/departments-and-agencies/enterprise-investment-trade/ministerial-media-releases/powerhouse-museum-heritage-overhaul See also https://www.news.com.au/national/sydney-powerhouse-museum-to-close-for-three-years/news-story/685ed5d14fc72925efc55807ff77edc6
[34] Lisa Havilah, Undoing the Institution, Adelaide, 16 June 2021
[35] Only Labor will save the Powerhouse Museum, Media Release, 22 March 2023 https://powerhousemuseumalliance.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Labor-media-release-22-March-23.pdf
[36] Ibid
[37] Linda Morris, Sun Herald 12 February 2023 https://www.smh.com.au/culture/art-and-design/what-s-in-a-name-powerhouse-drops-the-m-word-from-its-title-20221118-p5bzd1.html